To study the interactions between electrons in a material, physicists have come up with a number of tricks over the years. These interactions are interesting, among other things, because they lead to ...

Researchers have discovered that molecules experience non-reciprocal interactions without external forces. Fundamental forces such as gravity and electromagnetism are reciprocal, where two objects are ...

Force spectroscopy relies on the precise measurement of forces acting on a probe as it interacts with a sample. The key principles of force spectroscopy include: AFM-based force spectroscopy is the ...

In the race to uncover the deepest secrets of the universe, researchers are turning to powerful new tools. One of the most promising tools is the quantum computer. It offers a way to explore problems ...

Coulomb attraction, also known as electrostatic attraction, is a fundamental force that plays a crucial role in the interactions between nanoparticles. It is the attractive force experienced by ...

At the nanoscale, the chemistry of surfaces plays a decisive role in how particles move and where they end up. A new study published in Advancing Earth and Space Sciences highlights the importance of ...