Introduction -- Physical properties of magma -- Intrusion of magma -- Forms of igneous bodies -- Cooling of igneous bodies and other diffusion processes -- Classification of igneous rocks -- ...
Metamorphic rocks record the transformation of protoliths under varying pressures, temperatures and fluid compositions. Mineral assemblages such as garnet, staurolite and kyanite define metamorphic ...
If Earth's history were a calendar year, humans would not appear until the last few minutes before midnight on Dec. 31. During the Proterozoic Eon—2.5 billion years to 543 million years ago—the sun ...